Khumbulani Maphosa
Zimbabwe’s water reservoirs are telling a tale of drought disparity, with the latest data from the Zimbabwe National Water Authority (ZINWA) on December 16, 2024, revealing a national dam level average of 57.1%.
This figure, however, masks the stark contrast in water availability across the country, a direct result of the ongoing El Niño-induced drought.
In the heart of the drought’s impact, Upper Ncema and Upper Insiza dams are teetering on the edge, with levels at an alarming 1.7% and 1.2% respectively. The scarcity here not only signals potential water shortages but also endangers agricultural productivity and daily life in regions like Masvingo and Midlands. Here, Manjirenji languishes at 13.7% and Sebakwe at 23.4%, painting a grim picture of water scarcity.
Yet, this is not the full story across Zimbabwe. Lake Mutirikwi, standing at a robust 83.3%, represents a beacon of hope, suggesting less impact from El Niño. Tugwi-Mukosi at 61.7% and Mazvikadei at 66.5% further illustrate that not all areas are equally affected, with some managing to maintain or even increase water reserves.
In Harare, the situation is somewhat better with Manyame and Chivero dams at 73.3% and 71.1%, indicating that urban areas might be less affected.
To visualize this data, here’s a comparison:
Critical Low: Upper Ncema (1.7%), Upper Insiza (1.2%)
Moderately Low: Manjirenji (13.7%), Sebakwe (23.4%)
Moderately High: Tugwi-Mukosi (61.7%), Mazvikadei (66.5%)
High: Lake Mutirikwi (83.3%)
Urban Stability: Manyame (73.3%), Chivero (71.1%)
Environmental experts link these varying levels to the broader implications of climate change, with El Niño being a significant contributor. They stress the importance of sustainable water management, including the restoration of natural catchments and the adoption of conservation practices, to buffer against future climatic extremes.
This narrative of Zimbabwe’s dams not only reflects the immediate challenges posed by El Niño but also serves as a call to action for improved water management strategies and long-term planning. The disparity in dam levels underscores the urgent need for adaptive measures to ensure water security in one of Southern Africa’s key agricultural nations.
