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Ukufakelwa kwesidoda (artificial insemination) sekusetshenziswa kakhulu kwezokulima emhlabeni jikelele ukukhulisa izinga legazi lezifuyo kanye lokwandisa umkhiqizo wazo, ezifana lenkomo lenkukhu.
EZimbabwe, osolwazi baseLupane State University sebeqalise ukuhlola ubuchwepheshe obungabizi kakhulu bokwandisa ukuzalana—okufaka ukufakelwa kwesidoda kanye lokuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezitshiyeneyo—zenkukhu lembuzi. Imiphumela yakuqala ikhomba ukuthi ndlela lezi zingaletha intuthuko enkulu.
Ithimba labacwaningi lihlolile umthelela wokufakelwa kwesidoda embuzini lenkukhwini emapulazini amancane abelusi.
Embuzini, izinga lokuzala lalifanana phakathi kokufakelwa kwesidoda kanye lokuzalana kwemvelo, kokubili kulinganiselwa ku-85%. Kodwa, ukuhlanganiswa kwemihlobo etshiyeneyo kwabonakala kuletha inzuzo enkulu. Ngokwesibonelo, imbuzi ezinsikazi ezivela kuhlanganiso yeMatabele-Boer zakhula zaze zafinyelela ku-57.5kg, nxa kuqathaniswa leMatabele ezimsulwa ezazingafinyeleli ku-42.3kg. Futhi lezo ezihlangeneyo zaba lokuzala okungcono.
Enkukhwini, ukufakelwa kwesidoda kwenza umehluko omkhulu. Izinga lokuba lamaqanda lakhwela lisuka ku-54% ngesikhathi kusetshenziswa ukuzalana kwemvelo laya ku-89% ngesikhathi kusetshenziswa ukufakelwa kwesidoda. Lokhu kubalulekile eZimbabwe, lapho inengi labalimi benkukhu belilincane njalo bavame ukuthi babe leqhude elilodwa lezinye izikhukhukazi. Lawa amaqhude amancane avame ukukhetha ukuthi azale lezithile kuphela. Ukufakelwa kwesidoda kulungisa lokhu ngokuthi kuthathwe isidoda seqhude sinikwe zonke izikhukhukazi, kuqinisekiswe ukuzalana okufanayo.
“Ukufakelwa kwesidoda kwenza ukuthi isidoda sisabalale kuzo zonke inkukhu, okwenza zonke zithole iqhude,” kuchasisa uFortune Jomane, umcwaningi omkhulu waloluhlelo njalo unguthisha omkhulu eLupane State University. “Ukuzalana kwemvelo kuvame ukuba lenkinga ngoba iqhude liyakhetha ezinye inkukhu, okwehlisa izinga lokubekela amaqanda.”
Ithimba locwaningo lenze izixazululo ezikhethekileyo (extenders) zokugcina isidoda seqhude siphila isikhathi eside. Bahlola inhlobo ezintathu: okuthiwa yi ringer’s solution (okule-sodium chloride, potassium chloride, kanye le-sodium lactate), enye okwakulama-glucose, kanye le-saline solution.
Bakuqhathanisa lesidoda esingakahlanganiswa. NgoKubona kukaJomane, i-ringer’s solution yiyo eyasebenza kakhulu ngoba yagcina isimo samanzi sisendaweni efaneleyo, yavikela isidoda ekomeni, yagcina isakhiwo sesidoda kanye lephH efaneleyo.
Lawa ma-extenders asiza ukugcina isidoda siphila isikhathi eside njalo asebenza njengondawo yokugcinela, ziqinisekisa ukuthi isidoda sihlala sisebenza kahle isikhathi eside.
